hỗ tương
Definition
- Adjective:
- Mutual, reciprocal: Describes a relationship or action where two or more parties have a similar effect on or give something similar to each other. It indicates a two-way, interactive relationship.
- Interrelated, interdependent: Describes things that are connected and influence each other.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Mối quan hệ hỗ tương giữa hai nước ngày càng phát triển. (The mutual relationship between the two countries is increasingly developing.)
- Sự tôn trọng hỗ tương là nền tảng của tình bạn. (Mutual respect is the foundation of friendship.)
- Các yếu tố kinh tế và xã hội có ảnh hưởng hỗ tương. (Economic and social factors have an interrelated influence.)
Advanced Usage
- "Hỗ tương lẫn nhau": This phrase emphasizes the reciprocal nature, though "hỗ tương" alone often implies it. It translates to "mutual to each other" or "reciprocal."
- Họ cam kết hỗ tương lẫn nhau trong hợp tác. (They committed to mutual cooperation with each other.)
- Used in formal, academic, or diplomatic contexts to describe relationships, agreements, benefits, or influences.
Variants and Related Words
- Tương hỗ (Adjective/Verb): This is a direct synonym with the same meaning (mutual, reciprocal; to support each other). It is often used interchangeably with "hỗ tương."
- hiệp định tương hỗ (a mutual agreement)
- Qua lại (Verb/Adverb): To interact, to exchange; back and forth. It describes the action rather than the state.
- giúp đỡ qua lại (to help each other)
Synonyms
- Lẫn nhau: Each other, one another. Often used with verbs to indicate reciprocity.
- Song phương: Bilateral. Specifically refers to involving two parties.
- Có đi có lại: Reciprocal (in a more colloquial sense, implying give and take).
Related Phrases (Collocations)
- Hỗ tương cùng có lợi: Mutually beneficial.
- Đây là một thỏa thuận hỗ tương cùng có lợi. (This is a mutually beneficial agreement.)
- Ảnh hưởng hỗ tương: Mutual influence, reciprocal effect.
- Ảnh hưởng hỗ tương giữa văn hóa và ngôn ngữ. (The mutual influence between culture and language.)
Related Idioms
- "Có qua có lại mới toại lòng nhau": This idiom conveys the concept of reciprocity in relationships, meaning "There must be giving and receiving to satisfy each other." It aligns with the core idea of "hỗ tương."